FUJITSU SEMICONDUCTOR
DATA SHEET
DS04-27209-3E
ASSP
SWITCHING REGULATOR
CONTROLLER
MB3788
■ DESCRIPTION
The MB3788 is a dual-channel PWM-type switching regulator controller; it incorporates a reference voltage.
The MB3788 has a PWM circuit and an output circuit as well as a reference voltage power supply with a voltage
accuracy of ±1%. The maximum operating frequency is 1 MHz. It is designed for a voltage-drop output switching
regulator suitable for a logic power supply or speed control of a DC motor.
The MB3788 is compatible with all master ICs producing triangular waves, saw-tooth waves and sine waves with
an amplitude of 1.3 V to 1.9 V.
It can be used in high-performance portable equipment such as a video camcorder or notebook personal computer
(word processor).
■ FEATURES
• Wide operating power supply voltage range: 3.6 V to 18 V
• Low power dissipation
• Operating: 1.9 mA (standard)
Standby: 10 µA Max
(Continued)
■ PACKAGE
24-pin Plastic SSOP
(FPT-24P-M03)
This device contains circuitry to protect the inputs against damage due to high static voltages or electric fields. However, it is
advised that normal precautions be taken to avoid application of any voltage higher than maximum rated voltages to this high
impedance circuit.
MB3788
■ PIN DESCRIPTION
Pin No.
Pin name
I/O
O
I
Descriptions
Channel 1 push-pull type output
Channel 1 output current setting
2
3
OUT1
VE1
4
Ca1
—
—
O
I
Channel 1 output transistor OFF current setting: Output transistor OFF
The current is set by connecting a capacitor between pins Ca1 and Cb1.
5
Cb1
Channel 1
Channel 1 error amplifier output
6
FB1
Channel 1 error amplifier inversion input
Channel 1 error amplifier non-inversion input
Channel 1 comparator inversion input
Channel 2 comparator inversion input
Channel 2 error amplifier non-inversion input
Channel 2 error amplifier inversion input
Channel 2 error amplifier output
7
-IN1(E)
+IN1(E)
-IN1(C)
-IN2(C)
+IN2(E)
-IN2(E)
FB2
8
9
I
I
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
I
I
O
—
—
I
Channel 2
Ca2
Channel 2 output transistor OFF current setting: Output transistor OFF
The current is set by connecting a capacitor between pins Ca2 and Cb2.
Cb2
VE2
Channel 2 output current setting
Channel 2 push-pull type output
OUT2
O
Power and channel 1 control pin
H level: Power and channel 1 operating
L level: Standby
13
14
CTL1
I
I
Control
circuit
Channel 2 control pin
When CTL1 pin = H level,
H level: Channel 2 operating
L level: Channel 2 OFF
CTL2
SCP
Short-circuit protection circuit capacitor connection
Output circuit power pin
15
1
—
—
I
2
VCC
Master oscillating waveform input
Reference power and control circuit power
Reference voltage output
10
11
12
24
-IN(PWM)
VCC1
Power
circuit
—
O
—
VREF
Ground
GND
Note: The alphabetic characters in parenthesis above indicate the following input pins.
(C): Comparator
(E): Error amplifier
3
MB3788
■ BLOCK DIAGRAM
Cb1
Channel 1
4
5
Ca1
Error amplifier 1
OFF current setting
+
-
1
2
3
VCC(out)
+IN1 (E)
-IN1 (E)
FB1
8
7
6
PWM comparator 1
+
-
OUT1
VE1
Comparator 1
+
-
0.6 V
1.5 V
9
-IN1 (C)
Ca2
Cb2
Channel 2
20
21
Error amplifier 2
OFF current setting
+
-
+IN2 (E) 17
PWM comparator 2
+
-
18
-IN2 (E)
OUT2
VE2
23
22
19
FB2
Comparator 2
+
-
0.6 V
1.5 V
16
-IN2 (C)
SCP comparator
CTL2
14
-
-
+
1.9 V
1.3 V
Timer circuit
1 µA
2.1 V
VCC
11
SCP
VREF
15
Low input
Power/channel
ON/OFF
Reference
voltage
power (2.5 V)
SR latch
circuit
voltage
protection
circuit
13 CTL1
circuit
10
12
24
-IN(PWM)
VREF
GND
4
MB3788
■ FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
1. Major Functions
(1) Reference voltage power circuit
The reference voltage power supply produces a reference voltage (≈ 2.50 V) which is temperature-compensated
by the voltage supplied from the power pin (pin 11); it is used as the IC internal circuit operating power supply.
The reference voltage can also be output externally at 1 mA from VREF pin (pin12).
(2) Error amplifier
The error amplifier detects the switching regulator output voltage and outputs a PWM control signal. It has a
wide in-phase input voltage range of -0.2 V to VCC - 1.8 V to make setting from an external power supply easy.
Connecting the output pin and inversion input pin of the error amplifier through a feedback resistor and capacitor
allows setting of any loop gain to provide stable phase compensation.
(3) PWM comparator
The PWM comparator controls the output pulse ON time according to the input voltage.
The voltage input to the -IN pin (PWM) turns the output transistor on when it is lower than the output voltage of
the error amplifier.
(4) Output circuit
The output circuit is configured in a push-pull form and uses a PNP transistor drive system to drive a transistor
of up to 30 mA. (See How to Set Output Current.)
2. Channel Control Function
Channels can be set ON/OFF by combining the voltage levels at pin CTL1 (pin 13) and pin CTL2 (pin 14).
Channel ON/OFF Setting Conditions
Voltage level at CTL pin
Channel ON/OFF status
Channel 1
CTL1
CTL2
Power circuit
Channel
L
×
H
L
Stand by state*
H
ON
ON
OFF
*: The power current in the standby state is 10 µA Max.
5
MB3788
3. Protection Functions
(1) Timer and latch-type short-circuit protection circuit
The SCP comparator detects the output voltage levels of two comparators to detect an output short circuit. If
the output voltage of one comparator increases to 2.1 V, the transistor of the timer circuit is turned off and the
short circuit protection capacitor connected externally to the SCP pin (pin 15) starts charging.
The latch circuit turns off the output transistor and simultaneously clears the duty cycle to 0 when the output
voltage level of the comparator does not return to the normal voltage level until the capacitor voltage rises to the
base-emitter junction voltage VBE (≈ 0.65 V) of the transistor. (See How to Set Time Constant for Timer & Latch-
Type Short-Circuit Protection Circuit.)
When the protection circuit operates, recycle the power to reset the circuit.
(2) Low input voltage malfunction fail-safe circuit
A transient at power-on, or an instantaneous supply voltage drop can cause a control IC malfunction, which may
damage the system. The low input voltage malfunction fail-safe circuit detects the internal reference voltage
level based on the supply voltage level, resets the latch circuit, turns off the output transistor, clears the duty
cycle to 0 and holds the SCP pin (pin 15) at Low level. All circuits are recovered when the supply voltage is
greater than the threshold voltage of the fail-safe circuit.
6
MB3788
■ ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS
(TA = +25°C)
Ratings
Parameter
Supply voltage
Symbol
Conditions
Unit
Min
—
Max
20
—
VCC
VICTL
PD
V
V
—
—
Control input voltage
Allowable loss
20
—
Ta ≤ +25°C
500*
+85
mW
°C
°C
—
Operating ambient temperature
Storage temperature
TOP
Tstg
-30
-55
—
+125
*: Value obtained when mounted on 4 cm × 4 cm double-sided epoxy substrate
WARNING: Semiconductor devices can be permanently damaged by application of stress (voltage, current,
temperature, etc.) in excess of absolute maximum ratings. Do not exceed these ratings.
■ RECOMMENDED OPERATING CONDITIONS
(TA = +25°C)
Values
Typ
6.0
—
Parameter
Supply voltage
Symbol Conditions
Unit
Min
3.6
-1
Max
18
VCC
IOR
VI
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
—
V
mA
V
Reference voltage output current
Error amplifier input voltage
Error amplifier input voltage
Control input voltage
0
-0.2
-0.2
-0.2
3.0
100
-30
—
VCC - 1.8
VCC
18
VI
—
V
VICTL
IO
—
V
Output current
—
30
mA
kHz
°C
Operating frequency
fosc
Top
300
25
1000
85
Operating ambient temperature
WARNING: The recommended operating conditions are required in order to ensure the normal operation of the
semiconductor device. All of the device’s electrical characteristics are warranted when the device is
operated within these ranges.
Always use semiconductor devices within their recommended operating condition ranges. Operation
outside these ranges may adversely affect reliability and could result in device failure.
No warranty is made with respect to uses, operating conditions, or combinations not represented on
the data sheet. Users considering application outside the listed conditions are advised to contact their
FUJITSU representatives beforehand.
7
MB3788
■ ELECTICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC =6V, TA = +25°C)
Value
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
IOR = -1 mA
Unit
Min
Typ
Max
Reference voltage
VREF
2.475
2.500
2.525
V
Output voltage temperature
variation
∆VREF/
TA = -30° to +85°C
-2
±0.2
2
%
VREF
Reference
voltage
Input stability
Line
Load
IOS
VCC = 3.6 V to 18 V
—
—
2
10
10
mV
mV
mA
V
Load stability
IOR = -0.1 mA to 1 mA
3
Short-circuit output current
VREF = 2 V
-20
—
-8
-3
VtH
—
2.65
2.45
200
1.9
0.65
-100
—
—
Threshold voltage
Low voltage
malfunction
fail-safe
VtL
—
—
—
V
Hysteresis width
VHYS
VR
—
80
—
mV
V
circuit
Reset voltage
—
1.5
0.58
-200
-0.2
0.60
—
—
Input offset voltage
Input bias current
VIO
—
0.72
—
V
Short-circuit
detection
comparator
IIB
VI = 0 V
nA
V
In-phase input voltage range
Threshold voltage
VICM
VtPC
VSTB
VI
—
VCC-1.8
0.70
100
100
-0.6
10
—
0.65
50
V
Input standby voltage
Input latch voltage
Input source current
Input offset voltage
Input offset current
Input bias current
—
mV
mV
µA
mV
nA
nA
V
Short-circuit
detector
—
—
—
50
IIbpc
VIO
-1.4
-10
-100
-200
-0.2
60
-1.0
—
VFB = 1.6 V
VFB = 1.6 V
VFB = 1.6 V
—
IIO
—
100
—
IIB
-60
—
In-phase input voltage range
Voltage gain
VICM
AV
VCC-1.8
—
—
100
800
80
dB
kHz
dB
V
Error
amplifier
Frequency bandwidth
In-phase signal rejection ratio
BW
CMRR
VOM+
VOM-
IOM+
IOM-
AV = 0 dB
—
—
—
60
—
—
VREF-0.3
—
2.4
0.05
120
-2
—
Maximum output voltage width
—
0.5
—
V
Output sink current
VFB = 1.6 V
VFB = 1.6 V
—
µA
mA
Output source current
—
—
(Continued)
8
MB3788
(Continued)
Values
Parameter
Symbol
Conditions
Unit
Min
1.05
—
Typ
1.3
1.9
120
-2
Max
—
Vt0
Duty cycle = 0 %
V
Threshold voltage
Vt100
IIM+
IIM-
IIB
Duty cycle = 100 %
2.25
—
V
PWM
comparator
Input sink current
Input source current
Input bias current
Threshold voltage
—
—
—
µA
mA
µA
V
—
—
VI = 0 V
—
-1.0
0.7
—
-0.5
1.4
100
—
—
Vth
IIH
2.1
200
10
Control
VCTL = 5 V
VCTL = 0 V
—
µA
µA
mA
mA
µA
µA
mA
Input current
IIL
-10
—
Source current
IO
-40
30
—
Output
Sink current
IO
RB = 50 Ω
VO = 18 V
—
18
42
Output leak current
Standby current
ILO
ICCO
ICC
—
—
20
—
0
10
All devices
Power current at output OFF
—
—
1.9
2.7
9
MB3788
■ STANDARD CHARACTERISTIC CURVES
1. Power current - supply voltage characteristic
2. Reference voltage - supply voltage characteristic
TA = +25°C
TA = +25°C
2.5
2.0
1.5
CTL1 = 6 V
5
4
3
2
1
0
CTL1, 2 = 6 V
Reference
voltage
VREF (V)
Power
current
lCC (mA)
1.0
0.5
0
0
4
8
12 16 20
0
4
8
12 16 20
Supply voltage VCC (V)
Supply voltage VCC (V)
3.Reference voltage, output current setting pin voltage
- supply voltage characteristic
4. Reference voltage - ambient temperature characteristic
2.56
TA = +25°C
VCC = 6 V
VCTL1, 2 = 6 V
IOR = -1 mA
5
4
3
2
1
0
5
4
Reference
voltage
VREF (V)
2.54
2.52
2.50
2.48
2.46
2.44
VREF
Reference
voltage
VREF (V)
3
2
1
0
Output
current
setting
pin voltage
VE (V)
VE
-60 -40 -20
0
20 40 60 80 100
Ambient temperature TA (°C)
0
1
2
3
4
5
Supply voltage VCC (V)
5. Reference voltage - control voltage characteristic
VCC = 6 V
6. Control current - control voltage characteristic
VCC = 6 V
TA = +25°C
500
400
300
200
100
0
TA = +25°C
3.0
2.8
Reference
Control
current
voltage
VREF (V)
2.6
2.4
2.2
2.0
lCTL1 (µA)
0
1
2
3
4
5
0
4
8
12 16
20
Control voltage VCTL1 (V)
Control voltage VCTL1 (V)
(Continued)
10
MB3788
(Continued)
8.Gain - frequency characteristic and phase - frequency
7. Duty - input oscillating frequency characteristic
characteristic
100
80
Input waveform
VCC = 6 V
VFB = 1.6 V
TA = +25°C
TA = +25°C
180
90
40
20
1.9V
1.3V
60
Duty
Gain
(dB)
Phase
φ (deg)
Dtr (%)
0
40
0
20
-90
-20
-40
0
0
-180
5K 10K
50K 100K
500K 1M
Input oscillating frequency (Hz)
1K
10K
100K
f (Hz)
1M
5M 10M
9. Power dissipation - ambient temperature characteristic
1000
Circuit for measuring gain - frequency characteristic and
phase - frequency characteristic
VCC = 6 V
2.5 V
2.5 V
240 kΩ
800
600
4.7 kΩ 4.7 kΩ
10 µF
Power
dissipation
PD (mW)
-
out
+
-
400
+
in
Error amplifier
200
0
4.7 kΩ
4.7 kΩ
-20 020 406080 100
Ambient temperature TA (°C)
11
MB3788
■ HOW TO SET OUTPUT VOLTAGE
VREF
VOUT
VREF
2 × R2
VOUT =
(R1 + R2)
R
R1
+
-
R
R2
RNF
Note: Set the output voltage in the positive range (VOUT > 0).
12
MB3788
■ HOW TO SET OUTPUT CURRENT
The output circuit is configured in a push-pull type as shown in Figure 1. The ON current value of the output
current waveform shown in Figure 2 is a constant current and the OFF value set by RE is set by a time constant.
Each output current can be calculated from the following expression:
• ON current = 1.5/RE (A) (Output current setting pin voltage: VE ≈ 1.5 V)
• The OFF current time constant is proportional to the value of CB.
Drive Tr
ON current
CB
OFF
current
OFF current
setting part
Output
0
current
ON current
OFF current
RE
VE
t
Fig.1 Output Circuit Diagram
Fig.2 Output Current Waveform
1000 pF
VCC
Iout
-IN1 (C)
(5 V)
4
5
22 µH
10 µF
1
8.2 kΩ
2.7 kΩ
Vout
2
MB3788
1000 pF
-IN1 (E)
3
150 Ω
Fig.3 Output Pin Voltage and Current Waveforms (Channel 1)
Fig.4 Measurement Circuit Diagram
13
MB3788
■ HOW TO SET TIME CONSTANT FOR TIMER & LATCH-TYPE SHORT-CIRCUIT
PROTECTION CIRCUIT
If the load conditions of the switching regulator are stable, the outputs of comparators 1 and 2 do not change,
so the SP comparator outputs a High level. At this time, the SCP pin (pin 15) is held at about 50 mV.
If the load conditions change suddenly due to a load short-circuit, for example, the output voltage of the com-
parator of the channel becomes a High-level signal (more than 2.1 V). Then, the SVP comparator outputs a
Low level and transistor Q1 is turned off. The short-circuit protection capacitor CPE externally connected to the
SCP pin starts to charge.
VPE = 50 mV + tPE × 10-6/CPE
0.65 = 50 mV + tPE × 10-6/CPE
CPE = tPE /0.6 (s)
Once the capacitor CPE is charged to about 0.65 V, the SR latch is set and the output drive transistor is turned
off. At this time, the duty cycle is made low and the output voltage of the SCP pin (pin 15) is held at Low level.
This closes the SR latch input to discharge CPE.
2.5 V
1 µA
15
S
R
Low
input
voltage
protection
circuit
PWM
comparator
OUT
-
-
+
Comparator 1
Comparator 2
SR latch-type
circuit
Q2
CPE
Q1
2.1 V
Fig. 5 Latch-Type Short-Circuit Protection Circuit
14
MB3788
■ PROCESSING WITHOUT USING SCP PIN
If the timer and latch-type short-circuit protection circuit is not used, connect the SCP pin (pin 15) to GND as
close as possible. Also, connect the input pin of each channel comparator to the VCC pin (pin 11).
11
VCC
9
-IN1 (C)
16
-IN2 (C)
GND
SCP
15
24
Fig. 6 Processing without using SCP Pin
15
MB3788
■ EQUIVALENT SERIES RESISTANCE OF SMOOTHING CAPACITOR AND STABILITY OF
DC/DC CONVERTER
The equivalent series resistance (ESR) of the smoothing capacity in a DC/DC converter has a great effect on
the loop phase characteristics.
The ESR causes a small delay at the capacitor with a series resistance of 0 (Figures 8 and 9), thus improving
system stability. On the other hand, using a smoothing capacitor with a low ESR reduces system stability.
Therefore, attention should be paid to using semiconductor electrolytic capacitors (such as OS capacitors) or
tantalum capacitors with a low ESP. (Phase margin reduction by using an OS capacitor is explained on the next
page.)
L
Tr
RC
VIN
D
RL
C
Fig. 7 Basic Voltage-Drop Type DC/DC Converter Circuit
20
0
0
(2)
Phase
(deg)
-90
Gain
(dB)
-20
-40
-60
(2)
(1)
(1): RC = 0 Ω
(2): RC = 31 mΩ
(1): RC = 0 Ω
(2): RC = 31 mΩ
(1)
-180
10
100
1k
Frequency f (Hz)
10k
100k
10
100
1k
10k
100k
Frequency f (Hz)
Fig.8 Gain - Frequency Characteristic
Fig.9 Phase - Frequency Charecteristic
16
MB3788
(Reference Data)
The phase margin is halved by changing the smoothing capacitor from an aluminum electrolytic capacitor (Rc
= 1.0 Ω) to a semiconductor electrolytic capacitor (OS capacitor: Rc = 0.2 Ω) with a low ESR (Figures 11 and 12).
VOUT
VO+
CNF
AV - φ characteristic between VOUT and VIN
R2
-IN
+IN
+
-
VIN
FB
R1
VREF/2
Error amplifier
Fig. 10 DC/DC Converter AV - φ Characteristic Measurement Diagram
Aluminum electrolytic capacitor gain - frequency and phase - frequency characteristics (DC/DC converter +5 V output)
60
VCC = 10 V
RL = 25 Ω
180
90
CP = 0.1 µF
40
20
AV
ϕ⇒
VO+
Gain
(dB)
+
-
62°
Phase
0
0
(deg)
GND
-90
-20
Aluminum electrolytic capacitor
220 µF (16 V)
-180
-40
Rc ≈ 1.0 Ω: fOSC = 1 kHz
101001 k 10 k 100 k
Frequency f (Hz)
Fig. 11 Gain - Frequency Characteristic
OS capacitor gain - frequency and phase - frequency characteristics (DC/DC converter +5 V output)
VCC = 10 V
60
40
20
AV
RL = 25 Ω
CP = 0.1 µF
180
90
VO+
ϕ⇒
Gain
(dB)
+
-
Phase
(deg)
0
0
27°
GND
-20
-90
OS capacitor
22 µF (16 V)
Rc ≈ 1.2 Ω: fOSC = 1 kHz
-40
-180
101001 k 10 k 100 k
Frequency f (Hz)
Fig.12 Phase - Frequency Characteristic Curves
17
MB3788
■ APPLICATION CIRCUIT
10 µH
VCC
+
-
+
-
33 µF
33 µF
11
13
14
VCC
CTL2
CTL1
4.7 kΩ
8
<Logic power supply>
(a)
Cb1
Ca1
4
5
1
2
3
+IN1 (E)
1000 pF
4.7 kΩ
8.2 kΩ
(a)
Channel 1
(dB)
7
-IN1 (E)
22 µH
5 V
VCC(out)
OUT1
VE1
100 kΩ
0.22 µF
2.7 kΩ
+
-
6
10 µF
FB1
150 Ω
(15 mA)
9
-IN1 (C)
<Logic power supply>
(b)
4.7 kΩ
4.7 kΩ
+IN2 (E)
-IN2 (E)
17
18
20
21
23
22
Ca2
Cb2
1000 pF
3.8 kΩ
2.7 kΩ
22 µH
3 V
(b)
Channel 2
(deg)
+
-
100 kΩ
0.22 µF
OUT2
VE2
10 µF
FB2
19
150 Ω
-IN2 (C)
16
VREF SCP
-IN(PWM)
GND
24
10
15
12
0.1 µF
⇑
Triangular wave signal
1.9 V
1.3 V
CT
<Analog power supply>
+15 V
+24 V
<Sensor power supply>
<DC motor speed control>
<DC motor speed control>
<MB3785A-used DC/DC converter>
DC motor 1
DC motor 2
18
MB3788
■ NOTES ON USE
• Take account of common impedance when designing the earth line on a printed wiring board.
• Take measures against static electricity.
- For semiconductors, use antistatic or conductive containers.
- When storing or carrying a printed circuit board after chip mounting, put it in a conductive bag or container.
- The work table, tools and measuring instruments must be grounded.
- The worker must put on a grounding device containing 250 kΩ to 1 MΩ resistors in series.
• Do not apply a negative voltage
- Applying a negative voltage of −0.3 V or less to an LSI may generate a parasitic transistor, resulting in
malfunction.
■ ORDERING INFORMATION
Part number
MB3788PFV
Package
Remarks
24-pin Plastic SSOP
(FPT-24P-M03)
19
MB3788
■ PACKAGE DIMENSION
Note 1) *1 : Resin protrusion. (Each side : +0.15 (.006) Max) .
Note 2) *2 : These dimensions do not include resin protrusion.
Note 3) Pins width and pins thickness include plating thickness.
Note 4) Pins width do not include tie bar cutting remainder.
24-pin plastic SSOP
(FPT-24P-M03)
1
0.17±0.03
(.007±.001)
*
7.75±0.10(.305±.004)
24
13
*25.60±0.10 7.60±0.20
(.220±.004) (.299±.008)
INDEX
Details of "A" part
1.25 +0.20
–0.10
(Mounting height)
.049 +.008
–.004
0.25(.010)
0~8˚
"A"
1
12
0.24 +0.08
.009 +.003
–0.07
0.65(.026)
M
0.13(.005)
–.003
0.50±0.20
0.10±0.10
(.020±.008)
(.004±.004)
(Stand off)
0.60±0.15
(.024±.006)
0.10(.004)
C
2003 FUJITSU LIMITED F24018S-c-4-5
Dimensions in mm (inches) .
Note : The values in parentheses are reference values.
20
MB3788
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